Utilitarianism, By John Stuart Mill - 1599 Words

Utilitarianism is a doctrine in normative ethics that is outlined and defended by many philosophers, including the English philosopher John Stuart Mill as a standard to determine what are right and wrong actions. At its most basic claim, the right course of action one must take should be in the interest of maximizing what is known as utility. The right course of action is determined as being right if it maximizes the total benefit and happiness gained, while at the same time reducing the greatest amount of pain for the greatest number of people. To put it simply, utilitarianism merits the greatest good for the greatest number. In Utilitarianism, John Stuart Mill details his explanation and support of the theory, and provides common criticisms of the theory that he refutes throughout the piece. A couple of these critiques include claims that the concept of utility is opposed to the concept of pleasure, and that it â€Å"renders men cold and unsympathizing† (p. 20). With convi ction, Mill is able to successfully vindicate and define utilitarianism from critiques, although he could go beyond defining by providing examples and illustrations of utilitarianism in the way that critiques perceive it to be in order to demonstrate faults and holes that would arise. The principle of utility is a concept that was primarily introduced academically by philosopher Jeremy Bentham and later confounded upon to become what is known as the â€Å"Greatest Happiness Principle.† Bentham focuses on theShow MoreRelatedUtilitarianism, By John Stuart Mill And Utilitarianism880 Words   |  4 Pagessometimes hard to define, but with John Stuart Mill and Utilitarianism it is a little bit easier. Utilitarianism is an easy one, for the reason that it is defined by the greatest happiness for everyone involved. Sometimes it does not always make everyone content, but if you look at it as a whole it makes sense. Mill says that we have to look at the bigger picture. One personâ⠂¬â„¢s happiness affects another’s and so on. Utilitarianism is a moral theory that John Stuart Mill, the philosopher, formulated toRead MoreUtilitarianism, By John Stuart Mill1365 Words   |  6 Pages In John Stuart Mill’s book Utilitarianism, he argues for the defense of utilitarianism, an age old theory originally developed by Jeremy Bentham that states the proper course of action is the one that maximizes happiness. The course of action that maximizes general happiness is also the only true standard for moral assessment. Mill also introduces the idea of ‘first principle’ which states that it is not acceptable for individuals to characterize actions as either ‘good’ or ‘bad’, because it isRead MoreUtilitarianism, By John Stuart Mill1372 Words   |  6 PagesAct Utilitarianism is a long standing and well supported philosophical argument that when boiled down to its most basic elements, can be described as creating â€Å"the greatest good for the greatest number† (122). Such was the sentiment of John Stuart Mill, one of act utilitarianism’s (also known as just utilitarianism) greatest pioneers, and promoters. Mills believed that his theory of always acting in a way that achieved the greatest net happiness was both superior to other philosophical theories andRead MoreUtilitarianism By John Stuart Mill1805 Words   |  8 PagesIn his book Utilitarianism, John Stuart Mill presents his exposition and his major defenses of the philosophy of utilitarianism. Utilitarianism, a theory in ethics developed by the philosopher Jeremy Bentham, focuses on a concept of utility that focuses on deciding if actions are morally right or wrong by analyzing the pleasure and pain they cause. In other words, if an action causes primarily pleasure for all parties, then it must be good and right; however, if it causes pain for the parties involvedRead MoreThe Utilitarianism By John Stuart Mill984 Words   |  4 P agesDecriminalize Drug use Utilitarianism as an example of consequentialism is a moral theory generally considered to have started in the late eighteenth century. In the book Utilitarianism by John Stuart Mill he defined the ethical theory stating that â€Å"†¦actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness; wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness†(7). The idea behind the theory is that people seek happiness, and that the ultimate goal of all human beings is to be happy.Read MoreUtilitarianism, By John Stuart Mill854 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Stuart Mill, among other things, was an English philosopher and economist who lived from 1806 to 1873. Mill grew up being immersed in the principles of utilitarianism. Mill’s essay on utilitarianism, titled Utilitarianism, was written to debunk misconceptions of and to provide support for the ideology. Mill’s essay and argument span five chapters, where his discussions range from definitions, misconceptions, re wards, methods, and validity. Utilitarianism is generally held to be the view thatRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill And Utilitarianism983 Words   |  4 PagesIn Utilitarianism actions are judged right and wrong solely on their consequence, and in order to assess this consequences, the only thing that matters is the amount of happiness and unhappiness caused and by calculating happiness and unhappiness caused, nobody’s happiness counts any more than anybody else’s. Utilitarian ethics is the most common form of ethics used today, it has thrived because two needs have been met by it. Firstly, end-based thinking is common and people have sought to improveRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill And Utilitarianism1202 Words   |  5 Pages I contend that the philosophy of John Stuart Mill and Utilitarianism can be used to show that society should will that genetic enhancement be morally acceptable if the adverse cognitive or emotional effects are outweighed by the benefits. Glannon argues tha t gene enhancement is morally objectionable because â€Å"there would be the unacceptable social cost of some people suffering from adverse cognitive or emotional effects of the enhancement.† Under Utilitarianism, society would likely deem that geneticRead MoreUtilitarianism By John Stuart Mill930 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis Paper 2 In the essay â€Å"Utilitarianism† by John Stuart Mill, he explains his support for utilitarianism and argues any misconceptions of it. In his essay he talks about the difference between higher and lower pleasures and what significance they have in his utilitarian moral theory. His theory is based on the rule that â€Å"actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness.† Many people experience different kinds of pleasureRead MoreUtilitarianism, By John Stuart Mill2436 Words   |  10 PagesUtilitarianism is an ethical speculation that communicates that the best movement is the one that expands utility. Utility is portrayed in various courses, frequently to the extent the success of mindful substances, for instance, people and diverse animals. Jeremy Bentham, the coordinator of utilitarianism, delineated utility as the entire of all bliss that results from a movement, short the burden of anyone req uired in the action. Utilitarianism is a variation of consequentialism, which communicates

Mrs. Bennet Pride and Prejudice - 1500 Words

In Jane Austen’s novel, Pride and Prejudice, Mrs. Bennet, the mother of the protagonist, Elizabeth, is generally portrayed as a buffoon who is an adversary for he daughter that is trying to force her into a marriage she does not want. One may wonder how she can be justified in any way, considering that she is known to embarrass her family members and behave idiotically. However, in the time period they live in, a marriage is necessary for all of the family to avoid a terrible fate. Mrs. Bennet, while often behaving improperly, does try to do the best for her daughters based on the world she lives in. Elizabeth Bennet’s refusal of Mr. Collins puts her family at risk of being homeless. In England at the time of great landowners, according†¦show more content†¦As a result of being treated this way, women would have fewer opportunities to advance in their career, which were not often in manufacturing or agriculture for men or women. When women were landless and unm arried, they had little to no political representation or influence. As the BBC stated, â€Å"when parliamentary reform was being debated in 1867, John Stuart Mill proposed an amendment that would have given the vote to women on the same terms as men but it was rejected by 194 votes to 73† (BBC 1). Not until much later would women get the right to vote, meaning that the sisters could not develop a career based on their speaking or intellectual abilities in Britain, which extended to academic positions, as, according to the Republic of Pemberley, â€Å"women did not usually have careers as such, and were not citizens in the sense of being directly involved in politics, there was little generally-perceived need for such higher education for them† (Republic of Pemberley 1). No institution of higher learning would accept women, so that kind of career would have been impossible at the time. In addition to the social barriers of being a working woman, the Bennet sisters wou ld have to face serious economic impracticalities when employed. Women were almost always paid significantly less than their male counterparts, as according to London’s Central Court, â€Å"Female domestic servants earned less thanShow MoreRelated The Lovable Mrs. Bennet of Pride and Prejudice Essay2815 Words   |  12 PagesThe Lovable Mrs. Bennet of Pride and Prejudice      Ã‚  Ã‚   The general impression of Austens novels, which critic D. W. Harding says relieved him of any desire to read them, is that they offer readers a humorous refuge from an uncertain world.   In his article Regulated Hatred: An Aspect in the Work of Jane Austen, Harding claims that this impression is misleading and that Jane Austen is actually very critical of her society, covertly expressing downright hatred for certain members of itRead MoreContrast and compare the two marriage proposals made to Elizabeth Bennet in the novel Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austin: Mr Collins proposal to Elizabeth and Darcys proposal to Elizabeth4640 Words   |  19 Pagesproposals made to Elizabeth Bennet in the novel: Mr Collins proposal to Elizabeth and Darcy s proposal to Elizabeth Jane Austen lived in a mercenary world and this is reflected in her novel. In Pride and Prejudice no secret is made of the need to marry for money. Jane Austen reflects different types of marriage in her novel. There is mercenary marriage, brought about solely for economic reasons. Such would have been the marriage between Mr Collins and Elizabeth. Mr Collins proposal was fuelledRead MoreReagan Autry. Mrs. Schroder. English Iv Honors. 16 February1062 Words   |  5 PagesReagan Autry Mrs. Schroder English IV Honors 16 February 2017 The Flaws of Pride and Prejudice Pride and Prejudice is a novel that has intrigued readers for decades. Despite where one may be from, what gender they are, or what age they are, this story enthralls every reader. One of the primary reasons that this book is so notorious is because the two main themes: pride and prejudice, are two characteristics that any person can say they have come to know. Whether it be in themselves, in a friend,Read MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen Essay1711 Words   |  7 Pageshe 18th century novel, Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen, is a fascinating book about a young woman’s struggle with family and love. Pride and Prejudice was originally published in 1813, but, the most common version of the story, and the one used for this research, is from the version published in 1892, still by only Jane Austen, though many other authors have contributed to this book over time. Austen often references the class system at the time, often noting one of the multiple heroine’s strug gleRead MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen Essay1724 Words   |  7 PagesThe 18th century novel, Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen, is a fascinating book about a young woman’s struggle with family and love. Pride and Prejudice was originally published in 1813, but, the most common version of the story, and the one used for this research, is from the version published in 1892, still by only Jane Austen, though many other authors have contributed to this book over time. Austen often references the class system at the time, often noting one of the multiple heroine’s struggleRead MoreEssay about Social Classes in Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen1737 Words   |  7 PagesJane Austen’s novel, Pride and Prejudice, was originally to be titled First impressions. Austen suggests she chose the original title late in the novel, after Elizabeth has seen the change in Darcys manners at Pemberley and feels it can only be due to her influence. However, in 1801 anothe r novel was published using that title so Austen renamed and published her novel, Pride and Prejudice, in 1813. (Stovel â€Å"A Contrariety†). The former title accurately depicts the attitudes of several charactersRead MorePride and Prejudice: Plot Synthesis1337 Words   |  6 Pages The novel Pride and Prejudice is a romantic comedy, by Jane Austen. Pride and Prejudice is a story about an unlikely pair who goes through many obstacles before finally coming together. Pride is the opinion of oneself and prejudice is how one person feels others perceive them. The novel, Pride and Prejudice, uses plot, the characters of Mr. Fitzwilliam Darcy and Miss Elizabeth Bennet, and the status of women and social standing, to portray the theme of the novel - pride and prejudice. TheRead More Class, Money, Pride and Happiness in Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen1721 Words   |  7 PagesElizabeth Bennet of Austen’s Pride and Prejudice states that she would be happy with someone who â€Å"has no improper pride† and â€Å"is perfectly amiable† (PP 364). While all of these novels give a glimpse into the opinions of happiness, Pride and Prejudice delves into the nuances of happiness, showing the conflicts that come with these intertwining ideas of class, money, and pride. Ultimately, we come across an important question: What constitutes happiness and how do the ideas of class, money and pride coincideRead More Essay on Prejudice and Pride in Pride and Prejudice1535 Words   |  7 PagesPrejudice and Pride in Pride and Prejudice      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In any literary work the title and introduction make at least some allusion to the important events of the novel. With Pride and Prejudice, Austen takes this convention to the extreme, designing all of the first and some of the second half of the novel after the title and the first sentence. The concepts of pride, prejudice, and universally acknowledged truth (51), as well as the interpretation of those concepts, are the central focus ofRead MoreThe Influence of Regency England in Pride and Prejudice1604 Words   |  7 PagesAusten’s novel, Pride and Prejudice, seek economic security through marriage, and cast a critical eye on those who divert themselves with lesser, frivolous pursuits, resulting in their efforts to either maintain or contend with propriety. It was â€Å"a truth universally acknowledged† (Austen 5) in Austen’s time that marriage yielded benefits of a practical nature. Indeed, several characters in Pride and Prejudice are fixated on the remunerations of an advantageous union. Mrs. Bennet serves as the character

Racing Suggested Risk Management Strategies -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Racing Suggested Risk Management Strategies? Answer: Introducation Accidents at the track Accidents on the track can happen for a lot of reasons. One, it can happen due to uneven or slippery terrain, which would cause slips, falls or trips. It can happen with the participants, the race organizers, marshals and even the spectators. Overtaking on the track, bumping, tripping or jostling can happen with participants (Glendon, Clarke McKenna, 2016). Some of the current controls are: Briefing regarding safety prior to the race for indicating possible risks on the course and even highlight responsibilities Recommending to runners that appropriate running footwear is worn, like trailing shoes or running shoes that have grips Selecting and planning the route to be followed, with well routed oaths free of uneven or hazardous terrain Telling runners at the front to warn those behind them of imminent risk Lack of water Participants can get dehydrated on the track, and so can marshals, race organizers and spectators. Some of the current controls are: Provision of water bottles to all participants and marshals Using of water boys for participants on course for directing runners Making sure the route has refreshment stalls stocked up with medical kit and drinks (Hardiman Burgin, 2013) Vehicles and traffic Interactions with vehicles or people at traffic can divert them from track or cause accidents. This can happen to participants, spectators or marshals too. Some of the current controls are: Participants are asked to wear bright or reflective clothes and run facing the traffic Instead of just following the crowd, advice is of checking the traffic Route must be planned by race organizers on minimal risk roads Telling runners at the front to warn those behind them of traffic Advice from police would be sought regarding traffic issues Extreme weather The participants, spectators, race organizers or marshals can become prey to extreme weather conditions, or sudden weather changes. Some of the current controls are: Scheduling races for avoiding summer months Advising runners of wearing proper clothes Warm up properly in cold weather Use of sun screams if necessary First Aid/medical facilities obtainable Water stops are allowed and placed at frequent intervals to avoid dehydration (Fuller, Junge Dvorak, 2012) Risk Treatment Options The risk of accidents occurring on the track are of high impact and high probability, just like the risk of lack of water, and needs serious attention. The risk of extreme weather has a high impact but low probability, just like the risk of vehicles and traffic. Risk Further action recommended Accidents at the track It is recommended that the course to be taken for the race be assessed in the morning of the race to be commencing. Warning signs needs to be put as required. Rerouting must be done if slippery or uneven tracks are needed to be avoided. Lack of water Water boys are required to be put in places as required. Vehicles and traffic Road direction signs are required to be put in places as required. Extreme weather It is recommended that the weather is assessed in the morning of the race. Some of the secondary influence of adverse weather includes floods, thunder and lightning, mud and fog, which can result in dynamic assessment need of the laid-out controls (Keiper et al., 2014). Table 1. Risk Treatment Options References Fuller, C. W., Junge, A., Dvorak, J. (2012). Risk management: FIFA's approach for protecting the health of football players.Br J Sports Med,46(1), 11-17. Glendon, A. I., Clarke, S., McKenna, E. (2016).Human safety and risk management. Crc Press. Hardiman, N., Burgin, S. (2013). Mountain biking: downhill for the environment or chance to up a gear?.International journal of environmental studies,70(6), 976-986. Keiper, M. C., Young, S., Fried, G., Seidler, T. (2014). The legal implications of obstacle racing and suggested risk management strategies.Journal of legal aspects of sport,24(2), 78-95.

An Analysis Of The Poem If You Should Go By Countee Cullen Essay Example For Students

An Analysis Of The Poem If You Should Go By Countee Cullen Essay In the poem If You Should Go, Countee Cullen emphasizes on the understanding of human joys and sorrows. The importance of joy is shown using different examples of joy such as love and dream. Both stanzas include a persons feeling or reactions towards joy during the happy moments as well as the feelings after the joyous moment is over. In this poem, Cullen conveys several different messages. One of the themes of the poem is that one never realizes what one have until it is lost. In this case it refers to joyous moments. The second stanza the poet also tells the reader that joy makes a long lasting memory in ones mind which is seen in the persons personality or the gleam on the face 2. 7-8. Although, Cullen does not mention whom the love is towards in the first stanza and what the dream is about in the second stanza the reader can interpret that as is said in a positive manner. Using a classic example of metaphor, love is compared to the light that brightens a day just the way in which joys brightens peoples lives. The gently passing of the day without author realizing its going indicates to us that the joy is not given much importance in the persons life. The theme, a person never realizes what he has until it is lost, can clearly seen when the poet says, We would not know, but for the night, When has slipped away 1. 3-4. The poet convey the message that people usually would not feel the joy until the joy is slipped away and the person is struck by the darkness of the sorrow. In the second stanza joy is given a much more positive response. Joy in this stanza is referred to as a pleasant dream. The not realization of the passing of the joys is said in this stanza. Here the poet says the joy does not leave a physical effect on the person and that the dream has just left a gleam across the dreamers face. This shows the second theme of the poem that joy makes a long lasting memory in ones mind when referred to the gleam on the dreamers face. This poem makes the reader realize the importance of joy before it is gone. The poem also mentally prepares the reader to the sorrows that are struck after the joyful moments are over. The tone of the poem is positive. The kind of mood this poem creates is neither depressing nor very exciting. This poem might strike a reader as very passive due to the use of phrases like The gently passing day 1. 2 or Go quietly; a dream 2. 5. The rhyme scheme of the poem is a b a b. The poem If You Should Go is an excellently lyriced poem about an understanding of human joys and sorrows. The positive point of view of the poet is a plus along with the  good use of imagery like love and dream. Overall, the theme, the rhyme scheme, the pleasant imagery, the tone, and the mood all work together in the poem.